Chapter VIII — , NATURALISM.[436:A]

LUCRETIUS: On the Nature of Things. Translation by Munro. (Early materialism.)

HOBBES: Metaphysical System. Edited by Calkins. Leviathan, Part I. (Modern materialism.)

BUECHNER, LOUIS: Force and Matter. Translation by Collingwood. (Nineteenth century materialism.)

JANET, PAUL: Materialism of the Present Day. Translation by Masson.

LANGE, F. A.: History of Materialism. Translation by Thomas.

HAECKEL, ERNST: The Riddle of the Universe. Translation by McCabe. ("Monism of Energy.")

CLIFFORD, W. K.: Lectures and Essays: The Ethics of Belief; Cosmic Emotion; Body and Mind. (Positivism.)

HUXLEY, T. H.: Evolution and Ethics; Prolegomena. (Distinguishes between the moral and natural.) Science and Hebrew Tradition; Science and Christian Tradition. (Controversies of the naturalist with Gladstone and Duke of Argyle.)

SPENCER, HERBERT: First Principles. (The systematic evolutionary philosophy.) Principles of Ethics. (Ethics of naturalism.) The Nature and Reality of Religion. (Controversy with Frederick Harrison.)

BALFOUR, A. J.: Foundations of Belief, Part I. (On the religious, moral, and æsthetic consequences of naturalism.)

PATER, WALTER: Marius the Epicurean. (Refined hedonism.)

ROMANES, G. J.: Thoughts on Religion. (Approached from stand-point of science.)

BENTHAM, J.: Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. (Utilitarian.)

STEPHEN, L.: Science of Ethics. (Evolutionary and social.)