Language
Arabic العربية
The center of gravity. For about three centuries from the founding of Baghdad, Arabic absorbed Greek, Syriac, Sanskrit and Persian learning, reworked it, and became the language Europe translated science out of.
Composed in Arabic: Algebra , Canon of Medicine , Aims of the Philosophers , Hayy ibn Yaqzan
Into Arabic
- c. 750 Panchatantra , Middle Persian Arabic · Ibn al-Muqaffa attested
- c. 771–775 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Sanskrit Arabic · al-Fazari, Yaqub ibn Tariq probable
- c. 782 Topics , Syriac Arabic · Timothy I, Abu Nuh al-Anbari attested
- c. 786–805 Elements , Greek Arabic · al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar attested
- c. 813–833 Elements , Arabic Arabic · al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar attested
- c. 820 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Arabic Arabic attested
- 827–828 Almagest , Greek Arabic · al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar attested
- c. 833–842 Enneads , Greek Arabic · Ibn Na'ima al-Himsi, al-Kindi attested
- c. 840–873 Aphorisms , Greek Arabic · Hunayn ibn Ishaq attested
- c. 845–875 On Simple Drugs , Syriac Arabic · Hunayn ibn Ishaq, Hubaysh ibn al-Hasan probable
- c. 847–861 De Materia Medica , Greek Arabic · Istifan ibn Basil, Hunayn ibn Ishaq attested
- c. 870–900 On the Soul , Greek Arabic · Ishaq ibn Hunayn attested
- c. 870–910 Nicomachean Ethics , Greek Arabic · Ishaq ibn Hunayn, Ustath probable
- c. 875–900 Elements , Greek Arabic · Ishaq ibn Hunayn attested
- c. 879–890 Almagest , Greek Arabic · Ishaq ibn Hunayn attested
- c. 880–901 Elements , Arabic Arabic · Thabit ibn Qurra attested
- c. 890–901 Almagest , Arabic Arabic · Thabit ibn Qurra attested
- c. 951–962 De Materia Medica , Arabic Arabic · Nicholas the monk attested
- c. 1000 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Arabic Arabic · Maslama al-Majriti, Ibn al-Saffar attested
- c. 1186 On the Soul , Arabic Arabic · Ibn Rushd attested
- 1593 Canon of Medicine , Arabic Arabic · Giovanni Battista Raimondi attested
Out of Arabic
- c. 813–833 Elements , Arabic Arabic · al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf ibn Matar attested
- c. 820 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Arabic Arabic attested
- c. 880–901 Elements , Arabic Arabic · Thabit ibn Qurra attested
- c. 890–901 Almagest , Arabic Arabic · Thabit ibn Qurra attested
- c. 951–962 De Materia Medica , Arabic Arabic · Nicholas the monk attested
- c. 1000 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Arabic Arabic · Maslama al-Majriti, Ibn al-Saffar attested
- c. 1077–1098 Aphorisms , Arabic Latin · Constantine the African attested
- c. 1100–1200 Panchatantra , Arabic Hebrew · Rabbi Joel probable
- c. 1120 Elements , Arabic Latin · Adelard of Bath attested
- 1126 Brahmasphutasiddhanta , Arabic Latin · Adelard of Bath probable
- c. 1140–1175 Almagest , Arabic Latin · Gerard of Cremona attested
- 1145 Algebra , Arabic Latin · Robert of Chester attested
- c. 1150–1187 Elements , Arabic Latin · Gerard of Cremona attested
- c. 1150–1187 Algebra , Arabic Latin · Gerard of Cremona attested
- c. 1150–1187 Canon of Medicine , Arabic Latin · Gerard of Cremona attested
- c. 1162–1180 Aims of the Philosophers , Arabic Latin · Dominicus Gundissalinus, Magister Iohannes attested
- c. 1186 On the Soul , Arabic Arabic · Ibn Rushd attested
- c. 1220–1224 On the Soul , Arabic Latin · Michael Scot probable
- c. 1251 Panchatantra , Arabic Castilian attested
- 1279 Canon of Medicine , Arabic Hebrew · Nathan ha-Me'ati attested
- 1284 On the Soul , Arabic Hebrew · Zerahyah ben Isaac Hen attested
- 1593 Canon of Medicine , Arabic Arabic · Giovanni Battista Raimondi attested
- 1671 Hayy ibn Yaqzan , Arabic Latin · Edward Pococke the younger, Edward Pococke the elder attested
- 1708 Hayy ibn Yaqzan , Arabic English · Simon Ockley attested